Navigating French Residency Rules For UK Expats
France has long been a popular destination for British expats, whether it’s for work, retirement, or simply the pursuit of the French lifestyle. With its rich culture, world renowned cuisine, stunning landscapes and proximity to the UK, it's no surprise that so many Brits are drawn to the joie de vivre that France has to offer.
However, since Brexit, relocating to France as a UK expat has become more complex. While it’s still possible to make the move, there are several new rules and requirements, from visas to residency permits and healthcare access. Our guide will highlight the key changes to French residency rules and help you navigate them.
UK Expats in France | What Has Changed Since Brexit?
Life as a UK expat in France used to be relatively simple, but Brexit has changed things. UK citizens are now considered third-country nationals under EU law, which means they no longer enjoy the automatic rights they once had.
Before Brexit, UK expats could live and work in France without needing a residence permit, thanks to EU freedom of movement. However, the UK’s Withdrawal Agreement with the EU protects many of the pre-Brexit rights for expats who were already living in France before December 31, 2020. Expats covered by this agreement had to apply for a carte de séjour (residence permit), which allows them to retain certain privileges such as access to healthcare, work, and social benefits.
For newcomers post-Brexit, the process is different. UK nationals must now apply for a visa before moving to France and are subject to the same residency laws as other non-EU nationals. This often means needing a work visa, typically sponsored by an employer.
How to Obtain Permanent Residency in France
With Brexit, UK citizens lost the automatic right to reside in France. Whilst it used to be a relatively simple process of obtaining a long-stay visa, it’s now more complex, and it takes five years to achieve permanent residency.
UK nationals who want to stay in France long-term must apply for a residence permit (carte de séjour). Initially, this permit allows you to live in France for up to one year, but it can be renewed for up to five years. After five continuous years of living in France, expats can apply for a permanent residence permit, which is renewable every 10 years.
To obtain permanent residency, you may also need to show proof of being integrated into French society. This can involve demonstrating your language skills and passing certain tests that show your connection to the community.
See the UK Governments latest information on living in France here.
Expat Tax Obligations in France
Another significant change post-Brexit is the tax obligations. The end of the EU’s tax coordination rules for UK citizens means that expats now face changes to their income tax, property tax, and inheritance tax obligations in France.
Capital Gains Tax (CGT): Before Brexit, UK expats could benefit from CGT exemptions for primary residences under EU rules. Now, as the UK is a third country, expats may face higher CGT rates when selling property in France, especially second properties.
Social Charges: UK expats are no longer exempt from social charges on investment income and may now be subject to the full rate of 17.2%.
Withholding Taxes: UK Expats now face higher withholding taxes on dividends from French investments.
The UK-France tax treaties still apply, but it’s important to stay informed about how the changes may impact your tax situation.
Double Taxation Treaties: A Guide for British Expats
Access To Healthcare
Healthcare is another aspect of expat life affected by Brexit. British expats living in France before Brexit are protected under the Withdrawal Agreement and can continue accessing the French healthcare system as before. However, the European Health Insurance Card (EHIC) no longer provides automatic access to healthcare for new expats moving to France.
Post-Brexit, UK nationals relocating to France will need to secure private medical insurance or register with the French healthcare system. Proof of adequate health insurance is required when applying for a visa or residence permit.
Advice For Expats Moving To France
Brexit has undoubtedly made the process of moving to France more complex, but it’s still possible with careful planning. To ensure a smooth transition, it’s crucial to stay up-to-date on the latest residency rules, tax obligations, and healthcare requirements.
At The Wealth Genesis, we’re dedicated to helping expats make informed financial decisions as they plan their move abroad.
To see how we can assist you, book a free discovery call with one of our advisers today.
